Background: Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery is a relatively novel technique with a long learning curve: it is used to resect tumors that grow in the sella, which is located at the center of the skull base, immediately below the optic nerves and brain that are wrapped by the arachnoid, containing the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).One of the challengi
This paper proposes and studies a ring-shaped architecture with Halbach configuration for electromagnetic vibration energy harvesters.The proposed transducer consists of three ring magnets with Music Art a linear Halbach array that concentrates its magnetic field in the inner space of the mechanism where a single vertically-centered concentric coil
Canvey Island, located on the north side of the Thames Estuary, has experienced periodic inundations since its earliest periods of settlement.The island was sparsely populated until the late 1800s when a series of developments, including the construction of fixed links to the mainland, attracted migrants from the East End of London who went on to f
In the processing of Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data, two-dimensional (2-D) phase unwrapping (PU) is crucial for ensuring the quality of InSAR data inversion.Traditional methods, based on the assumption of phase continuity, often struggle with abrupt terrain changes and the influence of severe noise, leading Air Freshener Disp
Machine learning (ML) techniques discover knowledge from large amounts of data.Modeling in ML is becoming essential to software systems in practice.The accuracy and efficiency of ML models have been focused on ML research communities, while there is less attention on validating the qualities of ML models.Validating ML applications is a challenging